Paradigm

The modern use of the term ‘paradigm’ was introduced by the philosopher of science Thomas Kuhn in his work “The Structure of Scientific Revolutions”. Kuhn’s idea is that a paradigm is the set of concepts and practices that define a scientific discipline at any particular period of time. A good example of a paradigm is behaviorism – a paradigm under which studying externally observable behavior was viewed as the only scientifically legitimate form of psychology. Kuhn also argued that science progresses by the way of “paradigm shifts,” when a leading paradigm transforms into another through advances in understanding and methodology; for example, when the leading paradigm in psychology transformed from behaviorism to cognitivism, which looked at the human mind from an information processing perspective.